Bias in Psychological Assessment An Empirical Review and Recommendations

UNDERSTANDING BIAS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT 82 MINORITY OBJECTIONS TO TESTS AND TESTING 83 ORIGINS OF THE TEST BIAS CONTROVERSY 84 EFFECTS AND IMPLICATIONS OF THE TEST BIAS CONTROVERSY 86 POSSIBLE SOURCES OF BIAS 86 WHAT TEST BIAS IS AND IS NOT 87 RELATED QUESTIONS 89 EXPLAINING GROUP DIFFERENCES 90 CULTURAL TEST BIAS AS AN EXPLANATION 91 HARRINGTON’S CONCLUSIONS 92 MEAN DIFFERENCES AS TEST BIAS 93 RESULTS OF BIAS RESEARCH 95 EXAMINER–EXAMINEE RELATIONSHIP 104 HELMS AND CULTURAL EQUIVALENCE 105 TRANSLATION AND CULTURAL TESTING 105 NATURE AND NURTURE 106 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 107 REFERENCES 108